A torsion spring (referred to as a torsion spring) is an elastic component that bears the action of torque. Its core function is to transmit torque and achieve rotational reset. The structure is spiral shaped, with force arms (or hooks) at both ends. External force is applied to the spring through the force arms, causing it to undergo torsional deformation. After the external force is removed, the spring restores its elasticity and drives the component to rotate and reset. Its working principle is significantly different from that of compression and tension springs, focusing on force transmission in the direction of rotation.
The core structure consists of three parts: spring wire, spiral coil, and force arm. The material of the spring wire needs to have good torsional strength and toughness to avoid fracture or permanent deformation after long-term torsion. Commonly used materials are spring steel and stainless steel; The number of turns of a spiral coil is divided into effective turns and total turns. The effective turns determine the torsion angle and torque of the spring, while the total turns affect the rotational stability; The force arm is the key to torque transmission, and its shape is divided into straight force arm, curved force arm, and hook shaped force arm. It can be customized according to the structure of the driven component to ensure precise torque transmission.
The core performance parameters of a torsion spring include: torque, which refers to the rotational force borne by the spring and is the core indicator for selection, which needs to match the load requirements of the driven component; Twisting angle refers to the maximum rotation angle that a spring can withstand, exceeding which will result in permanent deformation; Stiffness refers to the torque required per unit torsion angle. The greater the stiffness, the stronger the spring’s ability to resist torsion; Free angle, which refers to the angle of the force arm when there is no external force, needs to be matched with installation and reset requirements.
The adaptation scenarios are mostly for rotating reset and torque transmission: the home appliance industry (refrigerator door hinges, washing machine flip covers, microwave oven doors), the automotive industry (wipers, door locks, rearview mirror adjustment), the hardware industry (scissors, clips, tape measures), and the electronics industry (relays, switches, precision instrument rotating parts), which are the core components of various mechanical equipment that require rotating reset.